Influence of abiotic stress during soybean germination followed by recovery on the phenolic compounds of radicles and their antioxidant capacity

Abiotic stress factors are among the major causes of lower crop yields. It is known, that in response to cold and/or osmotic stress, crops activate various defense mechanisms, including morphological, physiological and metabolic adaptations. Secondary metabolism, especially phenolic compounds, seem to be an important factor of stress-induced metabolic re-engineering as their levels are alternated by abiotic stress in plants. Despite the fact, that the nature and function of phenolic compounds was already studied in various plant species, it is important to define tissue-specific changes induced by two most potent abiotic stressors – low temperature and decreased water potential. Moreover, in fields, the appearance of single stress is rather rare. Usually two or more factors are acting in parallel, which may potentially result in different effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze selected elements of secondary metabolism in roots of germinating soybean seeds under cold stress, osmotic stress and both stresses combined. In addition the effects of constant and persistent stress were compared to those induced by sudden and brief stress appearance, as well as after the post-stress recovery process. In the presented study standard methods for identification and quantification of phenolic acids and isoflavones were used and the antioxidant capacity of the radicle extracts was measured. The phenolic metabolism in plants was greatly intensified in response to cold and osmotic stress and remained at high level during the post-stress recovery. The amount and composition of both phenolic acids and identified isoflavones also changed in stress- and duration-dependent manner. This proves an important role of phenolic compounds in abiotic stress response of germinating soybean seeds and opens up new perspectives for further investigations

Recent advancement in modern genomic tools for adaptation of Lablab purpureus L to biotic and abiotic stresses: present mechanisms and future adaptations

Not AvailableHyacinth bean is an important traditional plant with substantial medicinal value. Being imperative, it is still less explored crop on genomic and transcriptomic scale that has indexed it as an “orphan” crop for its genome revolution. Among different crop legumes such as pigeon pea, chickpea, cowpea, soybean and common bean, hyacinth bean also serves as a significant source of nutrition for both tropical and temperate regions and execute an imperative function in fixing biological nitrogen in agriculture. Nonetheless, the productivity of hyacinth bean is restrained due to environmental and biotic cues. Thus, understanding of the genomic functions and identification of probable genes/proteins for major agronomic traits through transcriptomic approaches has become imperative to improve stress tolerance in hyacinth bean. For understanding the plant stress tolerance mechanisms, the deployment of functional genomics approaches viz., proteomics and metabolomics have become imperious in breeding programs in developing countries. These approaches have been successfully used in other legume crops to create protein reference maps and their exploitation through comparative approaches can greatly enhance the research and understanding of hyacinth bean biological processes to changing environmental conditions. In this review, emerging epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics approaches and their achievements both in model/crop legumes are discussed. Additionally, the review also provides an overview of the applications of advanced proteomics, metabolomics and next-generation sequencing technologies in the discovery of candidate biomarkers for the development of agronomically refined hyacinth bean which may further ensure food and nutritional security under adverse climacteric conditions in developing countries.Not Availabl